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http://nitro.biosci.arizona.edu/courses/EEB195-2007/Lecture08/pics/W-MAP.GIF
Мапа расподеле Y хаплогрупа у свету
http://www.nazi.org.uk/maps/Y-MAP.gif
Y хаплогрупе у Европи
Мислим да сам, на самом почетку ове теме дужан да пружим једно објашњење. Пре свега, моја идеја је да отворим једну посебну тему где би се могли постављати текстови, и где би се дискутовало, о нечему што, сигуран сам, потпуно излази из домена политичке коректонсти, и ружичасто обојених лажи којима се народу свакодневно испира мозак преко мас медија. Дакле, причаћемо, потпуно научно и аргументовано, и објаснити шта је то раса, шта су то расне разлике, пружићемо један биолошки поглед на свет, и надам се, оне који желе да увиде, успети да отворимо очи и натерамо да мисле својом главом.
На почетку, да мало демаскирамо реч на од чијег се самог помињања многима (из незнања, а такође и из злонамерности), подиже коса на глави - еугеника.
Лео Штраус (Leo Strauss), филозоф и ционистички члан Јеврејске Академије, створио је кованицу “reductio ad Hitlerum”:
Хитлер је веровао у еугенику. Особа X верује у еугенику. Значи, особа X је нациста.
Дакле, то је оно што нам се сервира као званична пропаганда. Али, оно што 99% људи сигурно не зна, и што се овде мора нагласити , је да су пре и након другог светског рата, Јевреји активно истраживали и примењивали еугенику!
Једна књига чији је аутор John Glad “Future Human Evolution”, која се може скинути са:
http://whatwemaybe.org
Цитат који говори о имплементацји еугенике у Израелу:
“Israel has been a forerunner in genetic counseling. In the words of a researcher at Ben Gurion University, “Eugenic thinking is alive and well [in Israel] today.” Gideon Bach, head of Genetics at the Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center in Jerusalem commented:
We now know that most, if not all, human disorders have a genetic background, and we’re acquiring the tools to study, treat and eventually prevent or cure them…. Israel, with many inbred ethnic groups, has proven a rich human laboratory for genetic detectives. It’s far easier to trace genetic anomalies in inbred groups with homogeneous pedigrees.
Ashkenazim, who until some forty years ago largely intermarried, carry a dozen recessive genetic diseases with relatively high frequency. The best known is an autosomal disorder christened Tay-Sachs after its description in 1881 by the British ophthalmologist Warren Tay. It is caused by the hereditary lack of a crucial enzyme that normally breaks down fatty waste products found in the brain. If both parents are carriers of the gene, the child has a 25% chance of suffering from the disease, and a 50% chance of being a carrier. One in 27 Jews in the United States carries the gene. A baby suffering from the disease at first appears normal, but becomes hypersensitive to sound after a few months. Eventually the child becomes deaf, blind, mentally retarded, and unresponsive to outside stimuli. Death results by age five. In 1985, Rabbi Joseph Eckstein, citing the Bible and the Talmud, founded the international genetic testing program called Dor yeshorim (“generation of the righteous”) with the goal of preventing further children from being born with the illness. In the program, Orthodox Jewish students are tested to determine if they carry the gene. If only one prospective parent is a carrier they are not advised against marriage, but if both test positive they are counseled to choose a different marriage partner.“
....цитат из поглавља “Genetic Illness”....
Како год то невероватно изгледало, ето, ту фамозну "еугенику" примењују и Јевреји, и Јеврејски научници, у Израелу, и широм света. Толико о томе да је еугеника жеља лудих нациста да побију све мање вредне расе.
Још један аргумент у прилог приче да Јевреји нису имуни на Еугенику - American Eugenics Society је имало рабина Louis Mann-а као једног од директора 1935-те.
Још једна врло интересантна ствар:
„One of the most prominent eugenicists was the American HermanMuller, whose mother was Jewish and who received the Nobel Prize in medicine, in 1946, for his work on genetic mutation rates. A communist, Muller spent 1933-1937 as a senior geneticist at the University of Moscow, when he wrote a letter to Stalin proposing that the Soviet Union adopt eugenics as an official policy. It was the eve of the Great Purges, and Stalin definitely disapproved of the idea, at which point Muller judged it wisest to leave for Scotland and then returned to the United States. It was in the middle of his Moscow sojourn that Muller’s eugenics treatise Out of the Night appeared in the United States. In 1932, Muller had spent a year in Germany and he was outraged by Nazi concepts and policies concerning race.“
Коначно, ако има још неког ко није баш уверен у то да су се (и) Јевреји активно бавили еугеником, може да прочита текст који је још 1916. написао рабин Max Reichler, а чији је назив Јеврејска еугеника (http://www.whatwemaybe.org/txt/txt0001/Reichler.Max.1916.Jewish%20Eugenics.htm).
....Надам се да је овај увод довољан да све шпијуне, тужиоце и остале који брижно прате овај форум, надајући се да ће пронаћи нешто "занимљиво", у старту одврати од ове намере. Дакле, неће бити "елиминације инферироних", нити било чега слично. Идемо даље.
Is There a Biological Basis for Race and Racial Differences?
By J. Philippe Rushton
Department of Psychology
University of Western Ontario
London, Ontario N6A 5C2
Insight, May 28, 2001
Извод из текста: Да ли постоји биолошка основа расе, и да ли је раса само "питање боје коже"? На основу својих истраживања, професор Џ. Филип Руштон, показује да, упркос свим миграцијама и климатским променама постоји образац по питању величине мозга, интелигенције, темперамента, сексуалног понашања и осталих аспеката који утичу на јавање расних разлика. Зашто су људи црне расе бољи у спорту, и каква је последица њихове физичке супремације. Како се то одражава на интелигенцију. Нетачност аргумента по коме се сматра да, с обзиром да су генетске разлике процентуално мале, раса је последично само "социјална категорија".
Yes: They're scientifically demonstrable, argues J. Philippe Rushton.
No: Such distinctions are socially constructed, counters Joseph L. Graves Jr.
J. Philippe Rushton. Rushton is a professor of psychology at the University of Western Ontario in Canada and is the author of Race, Evolution, and Behavior and more than 200 scientific articles.
Yes: Such differences are real and demonstrated by growing scientific evidence.
For the past 20 years my research has focused on differences between the three major races, commonly termed Orientals (East Asians, Mongoloids), whites (Europeans, Caucasoids), and Blacks (Africans, Negroids). Roughly speaking, Orientals are those who have most of their ancestors from East Asia. Whites have most of their ancestors from Europe. And blacks have most of their ancestors from sub-Saharan Africa. In the main,I have not addressed the many other groups and sub-groups.
What I've found is that in brain size, intelligence, temperament, sexual behavior, fertility, growth rate, life span, crime, and family stability, Orientals fall at one end of the spectrum, blacks fall at the other end and whites fall in between. On average, Orientals are slower to mature, less fertile, and less sexually active, and have larger brains and higher IQ scores. Blacks are at the opposite end in each of these areas. Whites fall in the middle, often close to Orientals.
Of course, these three-way racial differences are averages. Individuals are individuals. However, I've found that this three-way pattern is true over time and across nations. That the same three-way racial pattern occurs repeatedly on some 60 different biological and behavioral variables is profoundly interesting and shows that race is more than "just skin deep." The international data come from the World Health Organization, the United Nations, and Interpol. Recently, I even traveled to South Africa to collect new IQ data.
Let's start with the biological differences in sports, which is something almost everyone observes. Jon Entine's recent book Taboo: Why Black Athletes Dominate Sports and Why We Are Afraid to Talk About It, addresses the old cliché that "white men can't jump" (and the new one that Oriental men jump even less well). Entine shows that in sports, Black men and women have a genetic advantage. Compared to Whites, Blacks have narrower hips, wider shoulders, less body fat, and more muscle.
Blacks also have from 3 to 19% more of the sex hormone testosterone than whites or Orientals. This translates into more explosive energy, which gives Blacks the edge in sports like boxing, basketball, football, and sprinting.
Why is it taboo to say that Blacks are on average better at sports? Because the next question is, "Why do Whites and East Asians have wider hips than Blacks, and so make poorer runners?" The answer is that they give birth to larger brained babies. During evolution, as the head size of newborns increased, women had to have a wider pelvis. The hormones that give Blacks the edge in sports also make them more masculine in general. They are physically more active in school, and this can get them into trouble and even lead to their being diagnosed as hyperactive.
Race differences show up early in life. Black babies are born a week earlier than White babies, yet they mature faster as measured by bone development. By age five or six, Black children excel in the dash, the long jump, and the high jump, all of which require a short burst of power. By the teenage years, Blacks have faster reflexes, as in the famous knee-jerk response.
The biological factors underlying race differences in sports have consequences for educational achievement, crime and sexual behavior. In educational achievement and occupational success, Orientals average slightly ahead of Whites, who average substantially ahead of Blacks. On standardized IQ tests, hundreds of studies show this three-way pattern. Most IQ tests have an average score of 100, with a "normal" range from 85 to 115. Whites average from 100 to 103. Orientals in Asia and the U.S. tend to have higher scores, about 106, even though IQ tests were made for the Euro-American culture. Blacks in the U.S., the Caribbean, Britain and Africa average lower IQs-about 85. The lowest average IQs are found for sub-Saharan Africans-from 70 to 75.
The relation between brain size and intelligence has been shown by dozens of studies, including state-of-the-art magnetic resonance imaging. Orientals average 1 cubic inch more brain matter than Whites, and Whites average a very large 5 cubic inches more than Blacks. Since one cubic inch of brain matter contains millions of brain cells and hundreds of millions of nerve connections, brain size differences help to explain why the races differ in IQ.
Racial differences in brain size show up early in life as well. The U.S. Collaborative Perinatal Project followed more than 50,000 children from birth to seven years. In the 1997 issue of the journal Intelligence, I showed that these Orientals had larger brains than Whites at birth, four months, one year, and seven years; the Whites had larger brains than Blacks at all ages. In the United States, Orientals are seen as a "model minority." They have fewer divorces, out-of-wedlock births, and fewer reports of child abuse than Whites. More Orientals graduate from college and fewer go to prison. Blacks, on the other hand, are 12% of the American population but make up 50% of the prison population.
The racial pattern of crime in the U.S. is not due to local conditions like "white racism." The same pattern is found worldwide. Interpol Yearbooks show the rate of violent crime (murder, rape, and serious assault) is three times lower in East Asian and Pacific Rim countries than in African and Caribbean countries. Whites in European countries are intermediate. The 1996 Interpol violent crime rates were: East Asian countries, 35 per 100,000 people; European countries, 42; and African and Caribbean countries, 149.
Orientals are the least sexually active, whether measured by age of first intercourse, intercourse frequency, or number of sexual partners. Blacks are the most active on all of these. Once again Whites fall in between. These differences in sexual activity affect the rate of sexually transmitted diseases. In the United States today, 2% of blacks between ages 15 and 49 are living with HIV/AIDS as opposed to 0.4 percent of whites and .05 percent of Asians, according to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Other data make it plain that the race differences in sexuality are biological in nature. For example, the races also differ in rate of ovulation. Not all women produce one egg during the menstrual cycle. When two or more eggs are produced at the same time, pregnancy and the likelihood of producing two-egg twins are more likely. The number of twins born is 16 out of every 1,000 births for blacks, 8 out of every 1,000 births for whites, and 4 or less for Orientals.
Why do whites fall between Orientals and blacks in so many areas? No purely cultural theory can explain this consistent pattern. Genetic and evolutionary theories are required. Genes play a big part in athletic ability, brain size, IQ, and personality. Trans-racial adoption studies, where infants of one race are adopted and reared by parents of a different race, provide some of the strongest evidence. Oriental children, even if malnourished before being adopted by white parents, go on to have IQs above the white average. Black infants adopted into middle-class white families end up with IQs lower than the white average.
These racial patterns make up what is called a "life-history" or "reproductive strategy." The traits evolved together to meet the trials of life-survival, growth, and reproduction. Race differences make sense in terms of human evolution. Modern humans evolved in Africa about 200,000 years ago. Africans and non-Africans then split about 110,000 years ago. Orientals and Whites split about 40,000 years ago.
The further north people went "Out of Africa," the more evolution selected for larger brains, slower growth rates, greater longevity, lower hormone levels, less sexual potency, less aggression, and less impulsivity. Advanced planning, self-control, and rule-following are cultural manifestations of these gene-based evolutionary strategies. Surviving in cold environments required increased intelligence and larger brains. The wider hips of white and Asian women evolved to allow them to give birth to larger brained babies.
What are the implications of this research? One is that we should stop blaming white racism for all society's problems. If blacks are good at certain sports, and Orientals do well in schools, it cannot be because each group is trying to "overcome the prejudice of white society," because each group shows the same pattern of strengths and weaknesses in their countries of origin.
Sometimes it is claimed by those who argue that race is just a social construct that the human genome project shows that because people share roughly 99% of their genes in common, that there are no races. This is silly. Human genes are 98% similar to chimpanzee genes and 90% similar to those in mice, which is why these species make good laboratory animals. But no one claims that mice, chimpanzees, and humans are nearly the same! That would be laughable. Similarly, although men and women are genetically 99% the same, it is foolish to believe that sex is just a "social construction."
Much confusion arises because there are several sets of genetic measures. A much more realistic story comes from looking at the 3.1 billion base pairs that make up the 30,000 genes.
People differ in 1 out of every 1,000 of these base pairs. Each change in a base pair can alter a gene. Technically, base pair differences are called single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The 99% figure is based on DNA sequences which do not differ between people or even most mammals. These can give the impression that human groups and chimpanzees are almost identical because these genes code for similar internal organs, eyes, hands, and so on. Though humans and mice look very different, any anatomy student can tell you, even their internal bone structures are very similar.
The February 23, issue of Science magazine reported that 2.8 million SNPs were already being sold by Celera Genomics to scientists trying to crack the code of human behavior. Base pair differences are important and SNPs clump together in races. Just one change in the base pair for hemoglobin, for example, causes sickle-cell anemia, from which many Blacks suffer. Other base pair differences affect IQ, aggression, and mental illness. The 3.1 billion base pairs provide plenty of room for large racial differences.
If races did not exist, we would not find the same racial pattern all around the world and over time. The scientific evidence shows that the politically correct mantra "race is just skin deep" is a case of deep denial.
http://www.lrainc.com/swtaboo/stalkers/jpr_insight.html
Еугеника је била масовно одбачена тек после другог светског рата, као последица пораза национал-социјализма. Пре тога су многи велики умови и познате личности науке подржавали еугенику. Францис Галтон, оснивач еугенике и Дарвинов рођак, је био један од најинтелигентнијих људи свога времена. Имао је iq негде око 200. Међу онима који подржавају принципе еугенике је био и наш Никола Тесла. Ево једног цитата:
The year 2100 will see eugenics universally established. In past ages, the law governing the survival of the fittest roughly weeded out the less desirable strains. Then man's new sense of pity began to interfere with the ruthless workings of nature. As a result, we continue to keep alive and to breed the unfit. The only method compatible with our notions of civilization and the race is to prevent the breeding of the unfit by sterilization and the deliberate guidance of the mating instinct, Several European countries and a number of states of the American Union sterilize the criminal and the insane. This is not sufficient. The trend of opinion among eugenists is that we must make marriage more difficult. Certainly no one who is not a desirable parent should be permitted to produce progeny. A century from now it will no more occur to a normal person to mate with a person eugenically unfit than to marry a habitual criminal.
http://www.pbs.org/tesla/res/res_art11.html
Немачки плакат приказује земље које користе методе еугенике:
http://weblogs.madrimasd.org/images/weblogs_madrimasd_org/salud_publica/711/r_Wir_stehen_nicht_allein.jpg
Општа ментална способност јужних азијата: подаци са три циганске зајединце из Србије
J. Philippe Rushton, Jelena Čvorović, Trudy Ann Bons
Филип Руштон и Труди Бонс предају за Универзитету Western Ontario у Канади, а Јелена Чворовић је члан Српске Академије Наука. Овај рад је добио своју финалну форму септембра 2006.
Извод:
Да би испитали да ли је Ромска (циганска) популација Србије, попут осталих јужно-Азијатских група, просечно нижег општег коефицијента интелигенције од других Европљана, тестирали смо 323 особе старости од 16-66 година (111 мушкараца и 212 жена), са три различите заједнице, током двогодишњег периода, користећи Raven's Colored и/или Стандардне Прогресивне Матрице, и четири мера извршних функција. од укупно 60 матрица, Роми су решили у просеку 29, тиме се пласирајући на трећи проценат УСА норматива из 1993, постижући просечни IQ 70. На тестовима моторике, Роми су постигли у просеку ниво Српских десетогодишњака. Матрице су показале малу разлику у половима, при чему су мушкарци у благој предности. Спољна валидност показана је стављањем у везу резултате Матрица са величинама попут кранијалног капацитета (r=0.13, Pb0.01), супружничке сличности (r=0.17, Pb0.05), време рођења првог детета (r=0.26, Pb0.01), броја потомака (r=−0.20, Pb0.01), и одговорних социјалних ставова (r=0.10, Pb0.05). Поређењем са постојећим подацима, сазнајемо да су ствари које су тешке или лаке Ромима, такође су тешке или лаке Белима, Индијанцима, Обојеним и Црним Јужним Африканцима од 14 до 16 година старости, и Црним Јужноафричким адолесцентима (rs=0.90). Нису пронађени никакви докази идиосинкратског културног ефекта. Заправо, разлике Рома и не-Рома најизраженије су при посматрању г-карактеристике. Ово се показује корелацијама (процењеним на основу самих г-карактеристика), које предвиђају магнитуду разлика Рома и не-Рома по одређеним питањима, без обизра на то на који узорак се ове корелације односе, и на конфирмативну анализу фактора. Резултати показују значајну међу-културну склоност ка генерализацији одређених својстава Јужних Азијата, Европљана и суб-Сахарских Африканаца, и да оне одражавају г-карактеристике више од културно специфичних начина мишљења.
© 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Директан линк ка пдф фајлу:
http://psychology.uwo.ca/faculty/rushtonpdfs/2007%20Intell%20(Roma).pdf
Весели пламичак
05-11-08, 09:31
Постои ли негде објашњење шта конкретно означава која боја на овим картама. Видим да постоји легенда али ми ознаке нису превисе јасне... Р1б Р1а...
Постои ли негде објашњење шта конкретно означава која боја на овим картама. Видим да постоји легенда али ми ознаке нису превисе јасне... Р1б Р1а...
Да ја не дужим са објашњавањем, ево једног корисног линка (http://sr.wikipedia.org/sr-el/%D0%89%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5_Y-%D1%85%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BC_% D0%94%D0%9D%D0%9A_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BF%D0%BE%D 0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B5).
Y hromozom je vrsta polnog hromozoma karakterističan za muški pol. Muškarci sadrže jedan Y hromozom, dok ga žene nemaju. Prema položaju centromere pripada akrocentričnim hromozomima. Prema Denverskoj konferenciji iz 1960. g. svrstan je u G grupu. Izgrađen je od 59 miliona parova baza DNK što predstavlja oko 3% ukupne količine DNK u ćeliji.
U ljudskoj genetici, Y-hromozom DNK haplogrupe su haplogrupe koje se međusobno razlikuju po nepromenljivim delovima Y hromozoma DNA lanca koji ostaju isti iz generacije u generaciju.
Konzorcijum za Y hromozom je utvrdio sistem definisanja Y-DNK haplogrupa slovima abecede od A do R, sa daljim podelama koristeći brojeve i mala slova.
Y-hromozomski Adam je ime koje su teoretičari dali muškom pretku koji je najčešći zajednički patrilinearni predak svim ljudima.
Постои ли негде објашњење шта конкретно означава која боја на овим картама. Видим да постоји легенда али ми ознаке нису превисе јасне... Р1б Р1а...
R1 je gen, koji predstavlja osnovu Bijele rase a oznake a i b predstavljaju tip tog gena.
R1a je keltsko-atlantski tip a R1b je slovensko-indoarijevski tip istog gena.
Bitna razlika je samo u imenu tog tipa, inace nije uopste velika razlika medju njima.
Којем типу бијеле расе припадају Баскијци? Њихов језик нема сродника у свијету, али се зна да су они најстарији народ Европе.
Prema slikama oni imaju najveci procenat R1b gena.
''Mozda'' su strucnjaci pogrijesili kada su taj gen nazvali Keltskim.
Izgleda da mu vise pasuje ime Baskijski.
Future Generations:
http://www.eugenics.net/
Stalking the Wild Taboo:
http://www.lrainc.com/swtaboo/
NeoEugenics' web site
http://neoeugenics.home.comcast.net/
Mankind Quarterly
http://www.mankindquarterly.org/
Chris Brand
http://www.crispian.demon.co.uk/
Linda S. Gottfredson
http://www.udel.edu/educ/gottfredson/reprints/
Richard Lynn
http://www.rlynn.co.uk/
World Transhumanist Association
http://transhumanism.org/index.php/WTA/
Children of the Millennium
http://www.childrenofmillennium.org/eugenics.htm
Prometheism
http://www.prometheism.net/
Biological & Social Evolution - by Dr. Volkmar Weiss
http://www.volkmar-weiss.de/publ-e.html
Genetics Religion
http://www.geneticsreligion.com/
Conscious Evolution
http://www.euvolution.com/
Transtopia
http://www.transtopia.org/
CHARLES DARWIN RESEARCH INSTITUTE
http://www.charlesdarwinresearch.org/
J. Philippe Rushton
http://www.ssc.uwo.ca/psychology/fac...shton_pubs.htm
The London School of Differential Psychology:
Arthur R. Jensen
http://www.individualdifferences.info/LondonJensen.htm
Steve Sailer
http://www.isteve.com/
Kevin Strom's web site with excellent articles on race, intelligence and group conflict.
http://www.kevin-strom.com/
Plenty of excellent links here:
http://home.comcast.net/~neoeugenics/links.htm
Upstream
http://www.mugu.com/cgi-bin/Upstream/index.html
Tommy Ryden (mostly Swedish)
tommyryden.com
Bioethics and Disability:
http://www.bioethicsanddisability.org/eugenics.html
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